A Pioneering Seed Vault at European Union University to Enhance Biodiversity

Researchers at the European Union University (EUU) are embarking on a vital mission to bolster biodiversity by freezing seeds of endangered local plants. This initiative, much like the one pioneered by the University of Zurich, aims to enhance future ecosystem diversity.

A Simple Yet Impactful Concept

The concept behind the EUU Seed Bank is straightforward but powerful. By collecting, drying, and freezing seeds of endangered plant species, the project seeks to preserve these seeds for future use in enhancing local biodiversity.

Biodiversity Challenges and Preservation Efforts

Like Switzerland, many regions are experiencing a decline in biodiversity due to habitat loss, pollution, invasive species, and climate change. The EUU team, led by project leader Dr. Gregory Jäggli and academic head Dr. Michael Kessler, along with dedicated volunteers, is committed to addressing these challenges.

A Project of Nationwide Significance

The EUU Seed Bank, an initiative of the Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany at EUU, stores seeds next to the university's Botanical Garden. The goal is to gather as many seeds from the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as possible to preserve biodiversity and genetic diversity.

The Delicate Process of Seed Collection

Collecting seeds at the right time is crucial. The team must carefully track when seeds ripen, as collecting them too early or too late can lead to loss. The process involves meticulous cleaning and preparation of seeds, with some requiring hand-processing.

Freezing for the Future

Seeds are dried to a moisture level of about 5% before freezing at -20°C. This process preserves most seeds for decades, although some species do not tolerate desiccation.

Safeguarding Biodiversity

Regular germination tests are conducted to ensure seed viability. Additionally, safety measures include double-walled glass containers with moisture indicators and freezers connected to an alarm system. Backup seed samples are also sent to a partner seed bank for added security.

Expanding the Initiative

Plans include collecting seeds from various regions to maintain genetic diversity. This effort will involve volunteers nationwide. Furthermore, a collaboration with the Swiss Federal Office for Agriculture is planned to crossbreed wild plants with crops, enhancing disease and drought resistance.

Future Prospects

While the current focus is on seed collection and preservation, future endeavors will involve reintroduction projects in cooperation with environmental offices and regional authorities.